U.S. Codes and Standards for Battery Energy Storage Systems
This document offers a curated overview of the relevant codes and standards (C+S) governing the safe deployment of utility-scale battery energy storage systems in the United States.
The regulatory and compliance landscape for battery energy storage is complex and varies significantly across jurisdictions, types of systems and the applications they are used in. Technological innovation, as well as new challenges with interoperability and system-level integration, can also amplify risks.
UL 1973: Batteries for Use in Stationary and Motive Auxiliary Power Applications. Safety standard for modules and battery systems used in stationary energy storage systems. UL 9540, Energy Storage Systems and Equipment. Safety standard for energy storage systems used with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind.
Building codes: Battery energy storage systems (BESS) must comply with local building codes and fire safety regulations, which can vary across different geographies and municipalities. These codes are governed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) in the U.S. and the performance-based European Standards (EN) in the European Union.
C. Container transportation Even though Battery Energy Storage Systems look like containers, they might not be shipped as is, as the logistics company procedures are constraining and heavily standardized. BESS from selection to commissioning: best practices38 Firstly, ensure that your Battery Energy Storage System dimensionsare standard.
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